Woven Fabric:
Woven fabrics are produced by the process of weaving.
Weaving is the interlacing of two or more yarns, using loom. Generally, woven
fabrics are strong fabrics.
Weaving process:
To weave yarns together, the loom is first set up with yarns
running lengthwise from the top to the bottom of the loom. These are called
warp yarns. A second yarn is then threaded from side to side, over and
underneath warp yarns, to make fabric. This is called the weft yarns.
During the weaving process, the weft yarn is taken over and
underneath the warp yarns with a shuttle. For each row being woven, selected
warp yarns are either lifted or lowered, creating a passage for the shuttle to
pass through with the weft yarn.
When the shuttle completes passing through the space
provided, from one side to the other, the position of the warp yarns is again
changed and the weft is brought back through in the return direction. This process
is continually repeated until the fabric is produced.
The weft yarn turning and returning to make the next row
creates a strong edge on the fabric, called the selvedge. It is the strongest
part of the fabric. It will not fray like a cut edge.
Woven fabric types:
A variety of weave types may be used to create fabrics with different
textures and appearances. These weaves include plain, twill, basket or hop sack,
satin and sateen. The resulting fabrics differ depending on the number of warp
yarns the weft yarns goes over at a time, and in what combinations.
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